用被动语态六注意
一应该注意被动语态的不同时态
被动语态由be+过去分词,其中的助动词 be 依据状况可用各种不同时态。如:
She is respected by everyone. 她遭到大伙的尊重。(一般目前时)
The book will be reprinted soon. 这本书非常快会重印。(一般以后时)
The road is being repaired. 路正在修整。(目前进行时)
They have been given a warning. 他们遭到警告。(目前完成时)
二应该注意带情态动词的被动语态
该结构的基本形式为情态动词+be(或be的适合形式)+过去分词。这种结构很大概作为语境题出目前考卷中。如:
The rules must be obeyed. 这类规章规范需要遵守。
They shouldnt have been told about it. 这事是不应当告诉他们的。
三应该注意非谓语动词的被动语态
1. 不定式一般式的被动语态。由to be+过去分词构成。如:
She asked to be given some work to do. 她需要给她一些工作做。
He was the last person to be asked to speak. 他是最后被邀请发言的人。
2. 不定式完成式的被动语态。由to have been+过去分词构成。如:
I should like to have been told the result earlier. 我本想叫人把结果早点告诉我的。
3. 目前分词一般式的被动语态。由being+过去分词构成。如:
I saw him being taken away. 我看见有人把他带走了。
Being protected by a wall, he felt quite safe. 有墙作保护,他感到非常安全。
4. 目前分词完成式的被动语态。由having been+过去分词构成。如:
Having been invited to speak, Ill start making preparations tomorrow. 由于邀请我去讲话,我明天就得做筹备。
The subject having been opened,he had to go on with it. 话题已经开始了,他不能不谈下去。
5. 动名词一般式的被动语态。由being+过去分词构成。如:
She likes being looked at. 她喜欢让人瞧。
He hates being made a fool of. 他讨厌被其他人愚弄。
This question is far from being settled. 这个问题远没解决。
6. 动名词完成式的被动语态。由having been+过去分词构成。如:
Jennys not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret. 杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业练习是她感到遗憾的事。
After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. 在接到把车开出城的指令后,我开始信心十足了。
注:过去分词没被动式,由于它本身可以表示被动意义。如:
The door remained locked. 门仍然锁着。